Starting from this semester, the National Science Wenzhou Experimental Primary School where first grade elementary school student Chen Yihang is located has added a "Little Edison" course every Friday. In Chen Yihang's eyes, Vice President of Science is like a Doraemon, always able to conjure up various tools to help him discover magical scientific mysteries. Under the guidance of this document, vice principals of science from various regions have taken office one after another. "Little Edison" is the course offered by the first batch of 100 science vice principals in Wenzhou, Zhejiang. How do science vice principals take on new roles and what challenges have they encountered? What changes will they bring to the science education industry? A reporter from Science and Technology Daily conducted an investigation and interview on this matter. On March 18, Liu Yong, a researcher and doctoral supervisor of the National Space Science Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and ambassador of China Aerospace Science Popularization, had a new identity - vice principal of science of Jiangxi Nanchang Sandian Primary School. When Liu Yong took over the appointment letter, there was a group of children sitting under the stage waiting for the "Science Gift Pack". The light in their eyes is exactly the same as the children Liu Yong used to do science popularization activities in Guangxi many years ago. That time, Liu Yong and the staff of the Guangxi Science and Technology Museum walked along a winding and muddy road to the farthest town of Pingping in Longsheng Autonomous County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, to do science popularization. A child opened his eyes wide and asked, "Are you really a PhD?" Liu Yong nodded and said, "Of course, many of the PhD students I have led have graduated." The child reached out his dark little hand and shook it with him, excitedly saying, "I have never seen a PhD before. You are the first 'real' PhD I have seen." "This sentence deeply touched me - how many children do not have a PhD before?" Liu Yong told reporters that children in remote areas are eager to learn scientific knowledge, but lack professional teachers to guide them on the path of science. During this year's National People's Congress and Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, Zhang Dadong, a representative of the National People's Congress and the principal of Xin'an Primary School in Huai'an City, Jiangsu Province, suggested that the shortage of teaching staff for science courses still exists, and it is not uncommon for liberal arts teachers to work part-time as science teachers. Teachers still have insufficient professional knowledge and practical abilities. In addition to the shortage of full-time teachers, science courses in primary and secondary schools are currently facing challenges such as a prominent tendency towards exam oriented education and a superficial approach to experimental inquiry teaching. In this year's National People's Congress and Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, the Central Committee of the Democratic Progressive Party proposed in a proposal to do a good job in science education for young people. On the one hand, students have fewer opportunities for hands-on practice, and the phenomenon of "conducting experiments on the blackboard" is relatively common. Children often learn science by watching videos, memorizing experiments, or listening to the teacher's lectures or drawing experiments. The "talk on paper" teaching style leads to overall low expectations of students for science related professions. According to the 2020 national compulsory education quality monitoring results, only 0.3% of eighth grade students nationwide expect to become science and technology research and development and assistant professionals. On the other hand, the supply of high-quality scientific education services is seriously insufficient. 2023 "Scientific Literacy of Primary and Secondary School Students"