A new study led by the research team of Johns Hopkins University in the United States found that obesity, especially severe obesity, is closely related to 16 common health diseases, especially obstructive sleep apnea, type II diabetes, and fatty liver associated with metabolic dysfunction. The relevant paper was published in the latest issue of the Evidence Based Journal of the New England Journal of Medicine. In the latest study, the team conducted a longitudinal cohort study to understand the relationship between different degrees of obesity and various health conditions of different populations in the United States. The experimental data comes from 270657 people in the "All of Us" project. 'All of Us' was launched by the National Institutes of Health in 2018 and is the largest cohort study in the United States. The research team collected electronic health records, body measurements, and other data from participants. They classified participants into normal weight, overweight (obesity) based on their body mass index, and further classified obesity into obesity levels I, II, and III. The team assessed the health status of these participants related to 16 diseases, including hypertension, type II diabetes, hyperlipidemia or dyslipidemia, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis, gout, liver disease related to metabolic dysfunction, gallstones, obstructive sleep apnea, asthma, gastroesophageal reflux disease and osteoarthritis. The results showed that with the increase of obesity level, the prevalence and incidence rate of participants increased gradually. Among them, Grade III obesity is most closely related to obstructive sleep apnea (51.5%), type II diabetes and metabolic dysfunction related liver disease (36.3%); The association with asthma, osteoarthritis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is relatively weak. The research team stated that the latest study is expected to provide important references for future public health strategies, policy actions, and anti obesity therapies. (New Society)