Osteoporosis is a systemic bone disease characterized by reduced bone mass, bone microstructure degeneration, increased bone fragility, and susceptibility to fractures. It is not exclusive to the elderly, and young people may also be affected by bad living habits or other diseases.
Which people are prone to osteoporosis?
Low weight, old age, late menarche and early menopause are risk factors for osteoporosis. In addition, the following conditions will also increase the risk of osteoporosis:
Smoking, alcoholism;
Insufficient calcium intake;
Lack of exercise;
Long-term use of certain specific drugs (such as glucocorticoids, thyroxin inhibitors, phenytoin sodium, gonadotropin-releasing agonists, aromatase inhibitors, etc.);
History of inflammatory diseases or fragile fractures;
Postmenopause women.
How to treat osteoporosis
The treatment of osteoporosis requires comprehensive consideration of factors such as the cause, age and lifestyle of the patient. Commonly used drugs include:
Calcium and vitamin D: Supplementing calcium and vitamin D is the basic treatment, which helps to maintain the mineral content of the bone.
Osteoblast inhibitors: such as bisphosphate, can reduce bone absorption.
Osteoblast promoters: such as parathyroid hormone analogues, can promote bone formation.
Other drugs: such as calcitonin, estrogen, selective estrogen receptor regulators, biological agents, etc.
In this way, prevent and improve osteoporosis
The prevention and treatment of osteoporosis require comprehensive consideration of lifestyle, eating habits and drug treatment. In addition to calcium supplementation and sunbathing, reasonable diet, moderate exercise and regular check-ups are also important measures to maintain bone health.
1 Calcium supplement: correct selection and supplementation of calcium
The human body's need for calcium needs to be met through diet and supplements. Calcium-rich foods include yogurt, cheese, tofu, black sesame, seaweed, etc.
If the calcium intake in your diet is insufficient, you can choose a suitable calcium supplement under the doctor's advice.
Generally speaking, it is enough to supplement 1000 mg of elemental calcium every day, but adolescents and pregnant women with vigorous growth and development need to increase the amount appropriately, but it is not recommended to exceed 2,000 mg of elemental calcium per day.
2 Sunbathing: promote vitamin D synthesis
Vitamin D helps to absorb calcium, while ultraviolet rays in sunlight can help the human body synthesize vitamin D.
It is recommended to sunbathe for about 20 minutes every day, with bare limbs with their backs to the sun to avoid eye and skin burns. People who spend less time outdoors, the elderly, pregnant women and children especially need to pay attention to more sun exposure.
3 Supplement vitamin D: ensure adequate intake
Vitamin D not only promotes calcium absorption, but also plays an important role in bone strength, cell growth, neuromuscular function and immune system. The recommended dose of ordinary vitamin D is 20 micrograms (800 international units) per day, with a maximum of 40 micrograms.
It should be noted that the active form of vitamin D (such as ossified glycol and ossified triol) is a drug, and the dosage needs to be adjusted according to the doctor's instructions.
4 Reasonable exercise: enhance bone strength
Regular exercise helps to enhance bone strength, especially weight-bearing exercises (such as walking, jogging, skipping rope, etc.) and resistance exercises (such as weightlifting, push-ups, etc.). Do at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise or 75 minutes of high-intensity exercise every week.
Link
Dynamic monitoring of bone health
Bone is a dynamic system. Even if the bone density is normal at present, there is no guarantee that osteoporosis will not occur in the future. It is recommended to have a regular bone density examination, especially for those who have been treated and whose bone density has returned to normal, should be reviewed once a year to dynamically observe their own indicators. ( News Agency)
Recommended Reading Change it 
Home
