The Infection Department of Huashan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, the "Supreme Court" for diagnosis of infectious diseases, receives about 7000 cases of various infectious patients every year, 150000 outpatient visits, and 8000 consultations for difficult and critical infectious diseases inside and outside the hospital. In 2021, Huashan Hospital was approved to become a supporting unit of the National Infectious Disease Medical Center. When it comes to this glorious team, we cannot ignore Weng Xinhua, a lifelong professor in the Department of Infectious Diseases at Huashan Hospital, who is also known as the Sherlock Holmes of the Chinese infectious disease community. Since joining the work in 1962, Weng Xinhua has always been at the forefront of the field of infectious disease prevention and control, which has not only laid a solid clinical foundation for infectious disease prevention and control in Shanghai and even the whole country, but also expanded the classic scientific research field of infectious disease prevention and control, leaving impressive legends in the fields of fever to be investigated, fungi, tuberculosis, hepatitis B, parasitic diseases, SARS, COVID-19, etc. On August 19th, Chinese Physician's Day, Weng Xinhua was awarded the honorary title of "Most Beautiful Doctor" jointly by the Central Propaganda Department and the National Health Commission. Sherlock Holmes, a good doctor in the field of infectious diseases, was awarded the title of "Most Beautiful Doctor" for his work on discovering unnoticed abnormalities in patients. 86 year old Weng Xinhua smiled and then spoke about his students - Lu Hongzhou, Zhang Wenhong, and Zhu Liping... Weng Xinhua said that hearing about the students' achievements in his field and learning that they had handled many difficult cases and solved the problems of patients across the country was actually happier than receiving any honor himself. This is the voice of both a doctor and a teacher. Especially by focusing on the field of infectious diseases that he deeply cultivates, he can better understand this sentiment. Fever is a common clinical symptom and the most complex manifestation involving diseases. Many patients with long-term fever travel to different places, and the twists and turns of seeking medical treatment are comparable to novels. A 17-year-old girl found Huashan Hospital. She has been experiencing chills and high fever up to 40 ℃ every day for over a month, accompanied by severe abdominal pain. After admission, it was found during examination that the patient had a large amount of ascites. The attending doctor believes that high fever, abdominal pain, exudative ascites, and elevated white blood cells are undoubtedly signs of peritonitis, and therefore provides anti infective treatment. However, the girl still has high fever and abdominal pain. Until Weng Xinhua came to inspect the room, 'This child is not peritonitis, but abdominal lupus erythematosus, and should be immediately treated with hormone therapy.' The attending doctor disagreed and pointed out that the patient's lupus related indicators were all negative. However, the fact proved Weng Xinhua's judgment. After the girl switched to hormones, her body temperature quickly returned to normal, and her abdominal pain and ascites disappeared. Three months later, a follow-up examination of various indicators further confirmed the diagnosis of lupus erythematosus. Have you noticed that the patient's conjunctiva is severely congested? Have you noticed any suspicious hemorrhagic rash on her fingertips? "Professor Weng Xinhua pointed out the confusion to the attending doctor, saying," A good doctor should go and discover any abnormalities that the patient is not paying attention to. This' observational power 'has earned Weng Xinhua the title of Sherlock Holmes in the field of Chinese infectious disease, and many difficult patients have come to an end and regained their lives due to his' decisive decision'. Under his leadership, the Infectious Diseases Department of Huashan Hospital has become one of the most important clinical medical centers for infectious diseases in China. Patients come from all over the country, with over 70% of them suffering from difficult and complicated diseases and coming here for fame. Why did you choose infectious diseases? "The cause of infectious disease prevention and control is difficult and risky, but someone needs to do it." Why did you initially choose infectious diseases? Weng Xinhua smiled and said the four words' obey the arrangement '. Weng Xinhua was born the year after the Lugou Bridge Incident. The tragic situation of measles and cholera patients under the iron hooves of the Japanese invaders made him aspire to become a doctor who can relieve the pain of patients. In 1957, Weng Xinhua was admitted to the Shanghai First Medical College (now Fudan University Shanghai Medical College). In 1962, he graduated and was assigned to the Infectious Diseases Department of Huashan Hospital. "At first, I was worried, but soon I was infected by the atmosphere here. This department is amazing. Professor Dai Ziying, the director of the department, returned from Niujin University with a doctoral degree, and there are a large number of talented experts. I am so happy to have the opportunity to enter this department!" In 2003, with the fierce outbreak of SARS, Weng Xinhua was appointed as the leader of the Shanghai SARS Prevention and Control Expert Consultation Group, cooperating with the Shanghai Health Bureau to formulate prevention and control measures for SARS, conducting scientific research and making important contributions to the prevention and control of SARS in Shanghai and even the whole country. The fight against SARS has been praised by the World Health Organization. The book "Infectious Severe Respiratory Distress Syndrome (SARS)" edited by Weng Xinhua has become the first professional book in China to introduce SARS. In 2009, the H1N1 influenza virus ravaged the world; In 2011, there were outbreaks of thrombocytopenic fever syndrome with unknown etiology in many parts of China; In 2020, COVID-19 will sweep the world... Weng Xinhua and his infection team in Huashan Hospital will stand at the forefront of infectious disease prevention and control again and again, becoming the vanguard of national public health. Weng Xinhua always said, 'The cause of infectious disease prevention and control is difficult and risky, but someone needs to do it.'. As a pillar of education, many people say that infectious diseases are a subject on the "edge zone". As a leader in the field, Weng Xinhua has also faced pressure, but he said that there should be someone to guard the subject in the "edge zone". I remember around 1984, a patient approached me and almost knelt on the ground. He said, please show me this disease. We have traveled to many places across the country. We admitted the patient to the ward and adjusted the treatment plan. Soon, the temperature dropped and the symptoms improved. The patient was very grateful. It's these patients who made me understand that they need us, they need our discipline To his delight, a group of young doctors who graduated in the 1990s came to this department, including Zhang Wenhong, Zhang Jiming, Chen Shu, and others. Weng Xinhua studied under Professor Dai Ziying and Professor Xu Zhaoyue, the founders of clinical antibiotics and renowned infectious disease experts in China. After taking over the baton as the leader of the discipline, he did not forget the spirit of the older generation of infectious disease experts, encouraging young people to "shoulder the burden, withstand the test, let go of fame and fortune, and keep the cold". He actively trained, and a large number of young talents came to the fore: Zhang Wenhong later became the leader of the medical treatment expert group of COVID-19 in Shanghai, and is now the director of the Infection Department of Huashan Hospital and the director of the National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases (Shanghai); Wang Minggui has become the Chief Scientist of the National 973 Program, continuously making innovative discoveries in the mechanism of drug-resistant bacteria; Lu Hongzhou later became the leader of the Shanghai H1N1 influenza expert group and is now the director of the Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen... Students are most familiar with Weng Xinhua's saying: "Hold on in the toughest times, don't be confused by the current difficulties. (New Society)