The integration of medical care and prevention is an important measure proposed by China under the Healthy China strategy in the new era, emphasizing the effective coordination between medical services and public health services. The integration of medical treatment and prevention refers to the combination of "treatment" and "prevention", where medical treatment and prevention permeate each other. Through the effective connection of medical and preventive services, the occurrence of health problems is minimized to the greatest extent possible, and the goal of "putting health at the center" is achieved. Tuberculosis is one of the major infectious diseases that seriously harm people's health. Preventive treatment for high-risk groups of tuberculosis is an important measure to reduce the risk of tuberculosis. How to implement the integration of medical treatment and prevention to help tuberculosis prevention and control? How can primary medical institutions innovate the integration model of tuberculosis treatment and prevention? On June 17, Zeng Yi, Chairman of tuberculosis Branch of Jiangsu Medical Association and Director of the Tuberculosis Department of Nanjing Second Hospital, and Wang Wei, Secretary and President of the Central Health Center of Zhongguan Town, Deqing County, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province, were invited to share the new practice of "integration of medicine and prevention" of tuberculosis prevention and treatment, providing reference for optimizing tuberculosis prevention and control mode. The integration of medical treatment and prevention helps tuberculosis prevention and control. With the deepening of the aging of the population in China, the burden of chronic diseases of the elderly population continues to increase. The previous "treatment centered" service model is difficult to meet the health needs of the masses. In order to optimize the grassroots medical service model and enhance the public's sense of medical access, the country is promoting the integration of medical and preventive measures. The integration of medical treatment and prevention, as the name suggests, is a combination of medical treatment and prevention. It not only provides patients with diagnosis and treatment services, but also integrates public health services, integrating treatment and prevention into one, breaking the previous situation of "heavy medical treatment and light prevention" and "strong medical treatment and weak prevention". " Zeng Yi talked about it. As the core of the healthcare system, public hospitals in China bear an important responsibility to ensure people's health. What is the role of public hospitals in the prevention and control of tuberculosis in the context of the policy of integration of medicine and prevention? Zeng Yi said that public hospitals are related to the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis, including general hospitals and designated hospitals. The designated diagnosis and treatment institutions for tuberculosis are responsible for formulating treatment plans for patients with active tuberculosis, as well as evaluating drugs for difficult and critical tuberculosis patients and drug-resistant tuberculosis patients. "In order to practice the integration of medical care and prevention, designated hospitals should also fulfill a responsibility of transforming passive admission into active screening." Zeng Yi believed that designated tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment institutions could send doctors to the community to help the community with tuberculosis prevention and treatment. If the screening is positive, it is necessary to continue to take chest films to exclude tuberculosis, and then return to the community for preventive intervention. If there is any abnormality in the chest radiograph indicating a suspected tuberculosis patient, further diagnosis should be made in the designated hospital. "When the proportion of preventive treatment increases, it can play a role in treating and preventing tuberculosis, thus reducing the incidence rate of tuberculosis." Previously, tuberculosis patients and people with latent infection of tuberculosis need to go to designated tuberculosis hospitals for screening and treatment, and the community health service center is responsible for follow-up. Due to the limited number of designated medical institutions and limited medical resources, accessibility is poor and there is insufficient proactive screening. Zeng Yi believed that the benefit of putting the prevention and control of tuberculosis in the community is that the community medical service center has a better understanding of the high-risk groups with latent infection of tuberculosis in the community, and it is convenient for these patients to go to the community medical service center for medical treatment. Such measures are particularly conducive to the early detection, diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis, and also facilitate patients' medical treatment. Zeng Yi also mentioned that there have been significant innovations in the diagnostic methods for latent tuberculosis infections, such as the tuberculosis antigen skin test EC, which has a simple operation method, sensitivity, specificity, and consistency with interferon gamma, making it very suitable for adult screening in the community. It is an important measure to reduce the risk of tuberculosis to carry out preventive treatment for high-risk groups of tuberculosis in the community. In the context of the policy of integration of medicine and prevention, all parts of the country actively explore and promote how to effectively use preventive treatment as an effective means to achieve the strategic goal of ending the prevalence of tuberculosis on schedule. Tuberculosis preventive treatment clinics have been set up in many grass-roots communities across the country, and important practices have been made in promoting tuberculosis preventive treatment for high-risk groups, including Zhongguan Town Central Health Center in Deqing County, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province. According to President Wang Wei, in order to do a good job in tuberculosis prevention and control, Zhongguan Town Central Health Center has set up a preventive treatment clinic for tuberculosis, unified technical standards and diagnostic and therapeutic norms for preventive treatment, and improved the ability of medical personnel to assess, diagnose, treat, and manage. And the implementation of preventive treatment medication and health assessment has achieved the accessibility of preventive treatment for latent tuberculosis infections at the grassroots level. "Setting up tuberculosis preventive treatment clinics in each community can enable people to screen and receive preventive treatment at their doorstep, thereby improving the accessibility and convenience of preventive treatment." Wang Wei introduced. Community is the frontier of tuberculosis prevention and control, and preventive treatment of tuberculosis is also a key link in tuberculosis prevention and control. Wang Wei said that at present, the health center mainly carries out latent infection screening for tuberculosis high-risk groups such as family close contacts of active TB patients, and tuberculosis key groups such as elderly people over 60 years old in the community. If a latent infection of tuberculosis is detected through screening, preventive treatment will be carried out in the outpatient department. According to the Guidelines for Preventive Treatment of tuberculosis, there are two preventive treatment schemes, one is chemical preventive treatment scheme, the other is immune preventive treatment (Mycobacterium vaccae for injection). Zeng Yi introduced that compared to chemoprophylactic treatment, immunoprophylactic treatment has a shorter course of treatment, better safety, no liver toxicity, will not lead to drug resistance, and will not have adverse effects on the treatment of underlying diseases. Therefore, the compliance of infected individuals will be better. Talking about the application of the immunoprophylactic treatment scheme in the community, Wang Wei said: "The side effects of Mycobacterium vaccae for injection are low. Moreover, no liver and kidney function monitoring is required, and all communities can meet the injection requirements. At present, the compliance of residents who receive Mycobacterium vaccae for injection in the community is generally good, and the patients' satisfaction is also high when they receive preventive treatment at home. Under our continuous follow-up, no patients with latent infection who have completed treatment have been found to develop active tuberculosis." Considering the high compliance and accessibility of the immunoprophylactic treatment scheme, Wang Wei suggested that the immunoprophylactic treatment scheme should be included in the community, and the community should be used as the port of tuberculosis prevention, and the chemical prophylactic scheme should be taken into account. More rely on designated hospitals. "The establishment of tuberculosis preventive treatment clinics in community hospitals is an innovative initiative." Zeng Yi said that the establishment of a preventive treatment clinic in the community health center can immediately screen the large number of key groups and high-risk groups. After being identified as a person with latent infection of tuberculosis, preventive treatment can be realized on the spot, which improves the accessibility of preventive treatment and reduces the incidence of tuberculosis at the source. (Lai Xin She)