China is one of the largest agricultural insurance countries in the world with the largest scale of agricultural insurance premiums, the most coverage of agricultural products, and the most diverse business models. In 2023, agricultural insurance provided risk protection for agricultural development by 4.98 trillion yuan. However, it should also be noted that the level of protection for agricultural insurance in China is still relatively low, and there is still a significant gap compared to developed insurance markets in terms of product development specialization and accuracy of claim data. China's agricultural insurance is divided into insurance varieties within the scope of central government premium subsidies and insurance varieties with local advantages and characteristics. The overall strategy for developing agricultural insurance is to ensure that the central government provides bulk insurance while the local government provides distinctive insurance. With the continuous expansion of the complete cost insurance and planting income insurance for the three major staple crops, developing characteristic agricultural insurance has become another important means to improve agricultural insurance. There are significant regional differences in our country, with abundant local products. There is a lot of room for development of agricultural insurance around "local specialties", such as crayfish in Jiangsu, cotton in Xinjiang, and rubber in Hainan, which are important protection targets for agricultural insurance. But with the rapid development of agricultural characteristic industries in various regions, there are still some niche and emerging agricultural products that cannot timely enjoy the protection of agricultural insurance. In recent years, many regions have frequently launched agricultural insurance products with iconic meanings such as "the first" and "the first". On the one hand, this indicates that the number of emerging agricultural insurance products is increasing, and on the other hand, it also indicates that there is still room for improvement in the diversity of agricultural insurance. The more distinctive agricultural products are, the more diverse the demand for refined development of insurance products. If the peaches planted in Pinggu, Beijing are affected by summer hail, it may lead to a complete crop failure in the entire orchard; The red dates in Aksu, Xinjiang are most afraid of rainstorm in the mature season after autumn. How to set personalized insurance liability and compensation levels based on the risk characteristics of different target varieties, combined with local climate conditions, and scientifically determine differentiated rates, is an important direction for developing characteristic agricultural insurance. As an important branch of the property insurance field, the design of agricultural insurance is like building blocks. By comprehensively leveraging the advantages of various insurance products, it often produces a one plus one greater than two effect. For crops with high investment in plant protection management, full cost insurance can ensure that farmers have all the material costs. Planting income insurance and weather index insurance are more friendly to cash crops such as fresh fruits, flowers, and vegetables that are easily affected by natural disasters. Price index insurance can provide greater protection for large-scale agricultural products and pig farming industries with cyclical effects. Innovation in green insurance products such as forest and grass carbon sink insurance can leverage its unique advantages in the field of "dual carbon" and enhance the international competitiveness of the agricultural industry. In addition, the development of characteristic agricultural insurance also requires the establishment of a reinsurance linkage mechanism. In the past decade, China's agricultural production, consumption, and trade have undergone significant changes, with the agricultural industry chain continuously extending and the added value of agriculture significantly increasing. However, due to frequent occurrences of extreme meteorological disasters, animal and plant epidemics, and sudden public health emergencies, the challenges to agricultural production are becoming increasingly greater. Agriculture is inherently a high-risk industry, and even with the protection of agricultural insurance, it is still necessary to effectively diversify risks through reinsurance mechanisms. Reinsurance companies should continuously strengthen their investment in cutting-edge technology research and development, make good use of data and technological advantages, cooperate with government departments, and collaborate with relevant institutions to cover multiple links in the agricultural industry chain