As an important driving force for the new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation, the development of artificial intelligence plays a positive role in various aspects, but also faces a series of problems such as security risks. On April 25th, General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized during the 20th collective study session of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee that "we should improve the regulatory system and mechanism for artificial intelligence, firmly grasp the initiative in the development and governance of artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence security is an important component of China's overall national security concept. General Secretary Xi Jinping attaches great importance to coordinating the development and security of artificial intelligence, and has made a series of important statements on the dialectical unity of development and security, and building a strong national security barrier. He emphasized the need to strengthen the assessment and prevention of potential risks in the development of artificial intelligence, and safeguard the interests of the people and national security. To promote the healthy and orderly development of artificial intelligence, it is necessary to fully utilize various means such as laws and technologies, construct and improve a comprehensive and multi-level regulatory mechanism, effectively address the various risks and challenges brought by artificial intelligence, and ensure its safety, reliability, and controllability. Establishing and improving the legal system for artificial intelligence and regulating it through legal means is a common practice in major countries and regions around the world. Since 2017, the United States, the European Union, Japan, Singapore, and other countries have successively issued laws, regulations, and guidelines in the field of artificial intelligence, continuously strengthening the management of artificial intelligence. In recent years, China has continued to accelerate the pace of legislation in the field of artificial intelligence, and introduced laws and regulations such as the Cyber Security Law, the Data Security Law, the Personal Information Protection Law, the Internet Information Service Algorithm Recommendation Management Regulations, the Internet Information Service Deep Synthesis Management Regulations, and the Interim Measures for the Management of Generative AI Services, which have played a positive role in strengthening the supervision of AI and preventing AI risks. At the same time, the development of artificial intelligence technology and applications is advancing rapidly, and the regulatory demand for artificial intelligence is increasing day by day. There are still some shortcomings and deficiencies in relevant laws and regulations, such as an incomplete legal system, a lack of specialized laws for artificial intelligence safety regulation, and legislative gaps in key issues that promote development and ensure safety. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that "we must adhere to the unity of promoting development and managing according to law, vigorously cultivate new technologies and applications such as artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, and next-generation communication networks, and actively use laws, regulations, and standards to guide the application of new technologies. We need to further grasp the development trends and laws of artificial intelligence, accelerate the legislative process of artificial intelligence, promote the inclusion of AI related legislative work in the national legislative plan, and formulate forward-looking AI laws and regulations as soon as possible, providing legal basis and guarantee for the research and development, application, and management of related technologies; Focus on the key areas of AI, formulate regulations, policies and industry norms, strengthen the legal constraints on AI technology abuse, gradually improve the legal system related to AI, and provide legal basis and support for China's AI security governance. Establishing a risk assessment and classification regulatory mechanism for artificial intelligence technology. The complexity and uncertainty of artificial intelligence technology may bring various risks, such as data leakage, algorithm bias, system attacks, etc. These risks may have negative impacts on individuals, businesses, and society. The risk assessment and classification and grading supervision of artificial intelligence technology are key links in ensuring the safety, reliability, and sustainable development of AI technology. By establishing a sound risk assessment and classification supervision mechanism, potential risks can be effectively identified and quantified, ensuring the safe application of artificial intelligence technology, and promoting the innovative development of artificial intelligence. Generative artificial intelligence is a branch of artificial intelligence. In July 2023, the Cyberspace Administration of China and seven other departments issued the "Interim Measures for the Management of Generative Artificial Intelligence Services", which clearly require inclusive, cautious, and classified supervision of generative artificial intelligence services, and conduct security assessments on generative artificial intelligence services with public opinion attributes or social mobilization capabilities. This is a comprehensive regulatory document for generative artificial intelligence issued by our country. At present, the development of artificial intelligence technology is flourishing. We need to establish a risk assessment system that includes technical risks, data security risks, ethical risks, social impacts, etc., to comprehensively and dynamically evaluate the potential risks of artificial intelligence systems, in order to timely detect and prevent risks; We also need to further establish and improve a classification and grading regulatory mechanism, dividing different regulatory levels based on the field, risk level, safety consequences, and fault tolerance of artificial intelligence applications, and implementing differentiated regulatory measures to ensure the healthy, safe, and sustainable development of artificial intelligence technology, and better safeguard social public interests and national security. Establish a sound and standardized ethical review mechanism for artificial intelligence. While artificial intelligence brings enormous benefits to economic and social development, it also brings various unpredictable risks and complex challenges. The uncertainty of the development of artificial intelligence technology, the data dependence of technology applications, and the interpretability of algorithms may lead to problems such as technology loss of control, privacy breaches, and fairness imbalances, which impact the ethical norms of human society. In recent years, in order to effectively address the ethical issues caused by artificial intelligence, China has established the National New Generation Artificial Intelligence Governance Professional Committee and issued normative systems such as the "Code of Ethics for New Generation Artificial Intelligence", continuously strengthening the ethical governance of artificial intelligence and achieving significant results. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that "technology is a powerful tool for development, but it may also become a source of risk. We need to proactively assess the rule conflicts, social risks, and ethical challenges brought about by technological development, and improve relevant laws, regulations, ethical review rules, and regulatory frameworks." We must always adhere to the principle of "people-oriented, intelligent for good" development of artificial intelligence, strengthen the assessment of safety and ethical risks in the development of artificial intelligence, conduct predictive risk assessments on the potential negative impacts of artificial intelligence applications, prepare risk plans in advance, and ensure the safety and controllability of artificial intelligence development; Actively guide enterprises, research institutions, and others to take social responsibility in the development of artificial intelligence, requiring them to standardize data collection, strengthen data protection, modify push rules, regulate false information, and prevent data abuse and the spread of false information; Deeply carry out ethical education and publicity on artificial intelligence, build a good public opinion atmosphere, and promote the safe, controllable, healthy and orderly development of artificial intelligence. Improving the collaborative governance mechanism of artificial intelligence is a complex system, and the supervision and governance of artificial intelligence is also a complex system engineering. Effective regulation and governance of artificial intelligence cannot be achieved without the joint participation of diverse entities such as government, enterprises, industry organizations, academic groups, and the general public. In 2024, the National Network Security Standardization Technical Committee released the 1.0 version of the "Artificial Intelligence Security Governance Framework", which closely integrates the characteristics of artificial intelligence technology, analyzes the sources and manifestations of artificial intelligence risks, and proposes a series of technical responses and comprehensive prevention and control measures. This plays an important role in promoting the active participation and collaborative promotion of artificial intelligence security governance by all sectors of society. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "artificial intelligence brings unprecedented development opportunities, but also unprecedented risks and challenges. Promoting the healthy development of artificial intelligence requires multi-party collaboration and joint construction and governance. To clarify the regulatory body and establish a specialized regulatory agency for artificial intelligence, responsible for coordinating and coordinating the safety supervision of artificial intelligence; Establish a sound cross departmental collaborative supervision mechanism, strengthen the collaborative cooperation among various departments within the government, and form a regulatory synergy; Establish a diversified social governance mechanism, encourage industry associations, social organizations, enterprises, etc. to participate in artificial intelligence security governance, and strive to form a new situation of collaborative governance involving the government, enterprises, social organizations, and the public. Improving the international cooperation and exchange mechanism for artificial intelligence. Currently, while artificial intelligence brings enormous opportunities, it also poses risks that threaten global stability. It requires joint cooperation from the international community to effectively respond. In this regard, China has always adhered to fully respecting the policies and practices of various countries, promoting the formation of a global artificial intelligence governance framework and standard norms with broad consensus, and continuously contributing Chinese wisdom and strength in rule making, cooperation mechanism construction, and practical promotion. In October 2023, China proposed the "Global Artificial Intelligence Governance Initiative" to promote cooperation among countries in drawing up a future blueprint for global artificial intelligence governance; In early November of the same year, 28 countries including China, the United States, the United Kingdom, and the European Union signed the Bletchley Declaration, agreeing to establish artificial intelligence regulatory systems and plans through international cooperation; China has also actively held the World Conference on Artificial Intelligence and the World Internet Conference to promote cooperation among countries in artificial intelligence and other fields. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "international cooperation on artificial intelligence should be widely carried out" and "a global governance framework and standard norms with broad consensus should be formed as soon as possible". We must continue to play the role of a responsible major country, actively participate in the establishment of global artificial intelligence governance frameworks and standards, and enhance China's voice and influence in international artificial intelligence governance through signing international conventions, participating in international organization activities, and other means; Actively engage in cross-border regulatory cooperation with other countries and regions, jointly address the cross-border security challenges brought by artificial intelligence, and promote the formation of unified international regulatory standards and mechanisms. (Xinhua News Agency) Author: Li Guoxiang (Deputy Director of the Marxist Research Institute of Shanxi Academy of Social Sciences [Provincial Government Development Research Center])