Today, the world is experiencing great changes that have not been seen in a century. The international environment is complex, the world economy is in a downturn, the global industrial chain and supply chain are facing reconstruction, and the instability and uncertainty are obviously increasing. Scientific and technological innovation has become the main battlefield of international strategic games. These "four orientations" have answered such major questions as the direction and goal of scientific and technological innovation in the new development stage, and pointed out the direction for us to better promote scientific and technological innovation, accelerate the construction of a world scientific and technological power, and achieve high-level scientific and technological self-reliance. Why do we emphasize facing the world's scientific and technological frontier? With the vigorous development of a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, new technologies represented by digital technology are increasingly integrated into the whole process of economic and social development. They are becoming a key force for restructuring global factor resources, reshaping global economic structure and changing global competition pattern. The global competition around the commanding heights of science and technology is unprecedented intense. We must focus on the world's science and technology frontier to promote innovation. In this regard, the focus is on strengthening basic research and improving China's original innovation capability. Basic research is the source of scientific and technological innovation. The root cause of many "bottleneck" technical problems faced by China is that the basic theoretical research can not keep up with the times, and the source and underlying things are not clear. In the competition for the commanding height of science and technology, the level of basic research has become the key to whether China can win. We must strive to achieve more breakthroughs from 0 to 1. We must further improve the system and mechanism, condense scientific issues in the face of the world's scientific and technological frontier and national major needs, and make practical efforts to further strengthen basic research investment and create a good scientific research environment conducive to basic research. Why do we emphasize facing the main economic battlefield? Development is the master key to solving all problems and the first priority for the party to govern and revitalize the country. The Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China put forward that we should adhere to the core position of innovation in the overall situation of China's modernization construction, and take self-reliance and self-improvement in science and technology as the strategic support for national development. Based on the new development stage, implementing the new development concept, building a new development pattern, and promoting high-quality development, we must deeply implement the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education, the strategy of strengthening the country through talents, and the strategy of innovation driven development, and give full play to the supporting role of scientific and technological innovation. In this regard, the focus is on accelerating scientific and technological innovation to promote high-quality economic development. In the face of the impact of multiple factors such as rising labor costs, increasing resource and environmental constraints, poor economic circulation, external shocks and the superposition of COVID-19, China's economy must find solutions from scientific and technological innovation and strengthen high-quality scientific and technological supply if it is to take the road of high-quality development. From another perspective, only by facing and serving the needs and direction of economic development, can scientific and technological innovation itself burst out with continuous power and vitality. In terms of industrial innovation, it is necessary to grasp the development opportunity of the global digital economy, promote the deep integration of the Internet, big data and artificial intelligence with the real economy, and promote China's domestic