What changes have taken place in China's higher education in the past ten years? "Historic achievements and pattern changes." Wu Yan, director of the Higher Education Department of the Ministry of education, gave the answer at the press conference of the Ministry of Education held on the 17th. Large scale higher education has entered the stage of popularization "The scale of higher education has grown." Wu Yan introduced that China has built the world's largest higher education system, with a total number of more than 44.3 million students. The gross enrollment rate of higher education has increased from 30% in 2012 to 57.8% in 2021, an increase of 27.8 percentage points, realizing a historic leap, and higher education has entered a world recognized stage of popularization. China's population receiving higher education has reached 240 million, and the average length of education of the new labor force has reached 13.8 years. Significant changes have taken place in the quality structure of the labor force, and the quality of the whole nation has been steadily improved. It provides a strong guarantee for the construction of higher education system and innovation of management mode, and provides a strong support for the construction of Higher Education Center in the world. [expert comments] Professor Xie Weiwei of Tsinghua University: since the 18th CPC National Congress, China has made remarkable achievements in the reform, development and changes of higher education. In the development stage, China's higher education has changed from popular higher education to universal higher education. This transformation means that China's higher education has taken a very solid step in continuously meeting the people's needs for higher education, and that China's higher education has made a stronger contribution to building a powerful socialist country with Chinese characteristics. Today's higher education in China is closer to the development goal of strengthening higher education than at any time in history. The overall level of strength has entered the first square array in the world "The strength of higher education has become stronger." Wu Yan introduced that through the "211" and "985" projects and the "double first-class" construction plan, a number of universities and a large number of disciplines have ranked among the world's advanced levels, and the overall level of China's higher education has entered the first array in the world. China Moke conference and world Moke conference have been held successively, forming a set of Chinese paradigms for Moke development, including ideas, technologies, standards, methods and evaluation. The ability of higher education to serve the country has been significantly improved. Colleges and universities have continuously enhanced their ability to serve major national strategies and won more than 60% of the three national science and technology awards. More than 60% of the country's basic research and more than 80% of the National Natural Science Foundation projects are undertaken by colleges and universities. Colleges and universities provide key technologies for key fields such as high-speed rail, nuclear power, biological breeding and vaccine research and development, and participate in the development of supercomputers, Shenzhou series and other national sharp tools. [expert comments] Xue Xinlong, associate researcher of the National Institute of opening up, University of international business and Economics: China's higher education has experienced ten years of reform and development, from big to strong, forming a higher education system born in the logic of China's economic and social development. Conforming to the development law of scientific and technological revolution, using information technology to enable the innovation and reform of teaching organization model has played an important role in promoting educational equity and optimizing the allocation of educational resources; Enhance the adaptability of college students to the adjustment of industrial structure and the changes of labor market, and help college graduates stand out in the development tide of new economy and new business forms such as digital economy; Seizing major national strategic opportunities, in the process of participating in core technology research and promoting the cooperation between government, industry, University, research and application, it has further strengthened the depth and breadth of scientific research in corresponding fields and improved the competitiveness and influence of international academia. Formation of top talent echelon network in quality basic disciplines "The training quality of higher education has been improved." Wu Yan said that "students are busy, teachers are strong, the system is hard and the quality is high" has become a general consensus and direction on the front. Guided by the "double 10000 plan" for the construction of first-class majors and first-class courses, 8031 national and 8632 provincial first-class professional construction sites were identified, and the first batch of 3559 national first-class courses were selected and identified; For three consecutive years, the Teaching Master Award, outstanding teaching award and innovation and Entrepreneurship Talent Award have been selected, and a large number of "big gentlemen" who have made outstanding contributions in the front line of colleges and universities have been selected to effectively encourage and guide teachers to improve their teaching ability and devote themselves to teaching and educating people. The construction of new engineering, new medical, new agricultural and new liberal arts has been steadily promoted, and an all-round reform has been carried out in talent training paradigms such as educational ideas, development ideas, quality standards, technical methods and quality evaluation. We have comprehensively launched the basic discipline top-notch plan 2.0, arranged and built 288 student training bases in 77 colleges and universities, explored the Chinese Paradigm of training top-notch talents in basic disciplines, attracted more than 10000 excellent students to join basic disciplines, formed an echelon network of top-notch talents in basic disciplines, and laid a solid foundation for building an important talent center and innovation highland in the world. [expert comments] Wan Yuan, associate researcher of Higher Education Institute of East China University of political science and Law: over the past decade, China's higher education has been multi pronged and effectively improved the training quality of students at all levels and of all types. First of all, we should not only pay attention to the healthy growth and all-round development of students, but also pay more attention to the personalized and sustainable development of students. Secondly, we should use the "four new" construction to promote the all-round reform of the talent training paradigm and actively adapt to the new changes of the social environment and the situation at home and abroad. Finally, by deepening the reform of educational evaluation and expanding academy education, the whole process high-quality education chain from entrance, process to export is constructed to effectively promote the quality and efficiency of talent training in higher education. The adaptability of structural personnel training has been significantly enhanced "The structure of higher education has become better." Wu Yan pointed out that the degree awarding system, professional catalogue system and management system of colleges and universities with Chinese characteristics have been continuously improved. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, a total of 265 new majors have been included in the catalogue of undergraduate majors, and 771 majors are currently in the catalogue; 17000 undergraduate majors were added, 10000 were cancelled or suspended, and the adaptability of talent training to new technologies, new industries and new business forms was significantly enhanced. The revitalization and development of higher education in the central and western regions have been further promoted. The Ministry of education, together with relevant ministries and commissions, launched the basic capacity-building project of colleges and universities in the central and western regions. During the 13th Five Year Plan period, a total of 10.7 billion yuan was invested in the central budget to implement "one province, one school" and "one school, one case". Remarkable achievements have been made in the joint construction of colleges and universities. With relevant ministries and commissions, large enterprises and local governments, 151 new colleges and universities were built. [expert comments] Wang Xiaoyan, associate researcher of the Institute of educational theory, Chinese Academy of Educational Sciences: with the advent of the era of popularization, the talent training mode of higher education in China has changed from focusing on "scale effect" to "quality benefit". This requires the optimization and adjustment of the existing talent training and supply structure of higher education, and guide the accurate positioning, classified development and diversified running of colleges and universities. Optimizing the structure is an inevitable requirement to solve the contradiction between the distribution of higher education resources and the unbalanced distribution of colleges and universities. For a long time, there has been a contradiction of "sufficient in the East and lack in the west" in the distribution space of higher education resources in China. By increasing the support for higher education in the central and western regions, establishing counterpart support channels and mechanisms, actively creating conditions in the links of teacher training and enrollment, strengthening the basic capacity construction of western colleges and universities, and achieving the purpose of high-quality connotative development. The construction of the ideological and political system under the leadership of the party has been comprehensively promoted Wu Yan introduced that the party's overall leadership over colleges and universities is more solid. The CPC Central Committee revised and issued the regulations on the work of grass-roots organizations in Colleges and universities of the Communist Party of China, which provides an important institutional guarantee for strengthening the party's work in Colleges and universities. The construction of Ideological and political system has been comprehensively promoted, and all kinds of courses and ideological and political theory courses have been promoted to form a synergistic effect, integrating value shaping, knowledge imparting and ability training. It launched 699 ideological and political demonstration courses, 699 famous teachers and teams of Ideological and political teaching, 30 teaching research demonstration centers, developed ideological and political teaching guidelines for general undergraduate professional courses, and trained 670000 teachers in different disciplines of Arts, science, industry, agriculture and medicine. [expert comments] Yu Qing, associate professor of the school of education of Suzhou University: adhering to the party's overall leadership over colleges and universities requires a solid institutional basis. The issuance of the regulations provides a scientific basis and institutional basis for Party building in Colleges and universities, and is also a concrete embodiment of the modernization of higher education governance system and governance ability. Through the normalized political education of Party members, we deepened the reform of Ideological and political courses, answered the question of "who to train, how to train and for whom", and made a solid exploration in the direction, objectives and method innovation of talent training. We will promote the in-depth integration of Party building and higher education, fully integrate scientific research and discipline layout into the overall development situation of the party and the country, and strongly support the high-quality economic and social development with high-quality higher education. (outlook new era)