Computing power is a key infrastructure supporting the development of the digital economy and a scarce strategic resource globally in the era of intelligence. This year's government work report proposes to moderately advance the construction of digital infrastructure, accelerate the formation of a national integrated computing power system, and cultivate a computing power industry ecosystem. This is the first time in government work reports that an "integrated computing power system" has been mentioned. Recently, relevant departments such as the National Data Administration and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology have successively stated their proposals to build a national integrated computing power system with networked scheduling, universal benefits, and green security; Optimize the backbone network architecture around the national computing power hub nodes, build high-speed computing power networks, and deepen the empowerment and support role of new information infrastructure in the digital transformation of the economy and society. What is a national integrated computing power system? Why is it so important? The reporter from Science and Technology Daily interviewed relevant experts on this matter. Currently, China's computing power industry is showing a vigorous development trend, with the support of large computing power and large models. According to data released by the China Academy of Information and Communications Technology, the compound annual growth rate of the number of racks in use in China is about 30%, exceeding 8.1 million standard racks by the end of 2023, with a total computing power of 230 EFLOPS (EFLOPS refers to 1018 floating-point operations per second), ranking second in the world; The national scale of intelligent computing power has reached 70EFLOPS, with a growth rate of over 70% in 2023. With the increasing variety of computing power demand scenarios, a situation of flexible and diverse network computing, high-speed and reliable inter computing interconnection, and extremely efficient intra computing networks has initially taken shape. Yu Xiaohui, President of China Academy of Information and Communications Technology, introduced that on the one hand, as the "engine" of artificial intelligence (AI), strong computing power will accelerate and deepen the entry of human society into the era of artificial intelligence. Computing power is accelerating its penetration into various industries and fields such as industry, education, and healthcare. The construction of new industrialization and the cultivation of future industries all rely on the support of computing power. According to calculations, for every 1 yuan invested in computing power, it will drive a GDP (Gross Domestic Product) growth of 3 to 4 yuan. On the other hand, the exponential growth of computing power provides important support for a new round of breakthroughs in artificial intelligence, and big computing power and data drive artificial intelligence towards the era of big models. Without great computing power, developing big models is just a fantasy. "However, the unified market for standardized and inclusive computing power services has not yet formed, and there is a contradiction of tight computing power supply and ineffective utilization of some computing power, and the role of computing power has not been fully unleashed." Yu Xiaohui analyzed that how to integrate and form standardized and schedulable computing power services under diversified computing power supply, and how to expand the localized exploration of grid connected computing power scheduling to build a unified national market, further exploration is needed. "Building a unified computing power service market is essentially a large-scale, cross regional, cross domain, complex element, diverse application, interactive, and constantly evolving complex giant system. In practice, it still faces many open challenges, which require scientific planning, systematic promotion, effect orientation, overcoming difficulties, high quality and efficiency, and sustainable development in promoting work." said Shan Zhiguang, Director of the Information Technology and Industrial Development Department of the National Information Center. Yu Xiaohui suggested that we should give full play to the advantages of the country's super large market and the successful experience of Internet development, so as to calculate the strength of each other first