These major space exploration events in 2025 are worth paying attention to
2025-01-17
For thousands of years, the pace of human exploration of the universe has never stopped, and the same will be true in 2025. During this year, a large number of probes will carry human curiosity and head to the "Starry Ocean" to reveal the mysteries of the vast starry sky. In addition, humans also long to be able to 'soar' and experience the secrets of space firsthand. In the new year, space commercial tourism and services will also open a new chapter. Recently, several media outlets including New Scientist and The Economist in the UK, Forbes biweekly in the US, and the official website of the Planetary Society in the US have listed major events worth paying attention to in the space field in 2025. The moon will welcome multiple batches of "visitors" by 2025, with about a dozen landing vehicles planned to land at different locations on the lunar surface. After Israel's Genesis probe failed on the lunar surface in 2019, this year, the Israeli Space Landing Organization (SpaceIL) will once again challenge the moon through Genesis 2. The Genesis 2 probe consists of one orbiter and two landers. The orbiters will orbit the moon and conduct scientific experiments; And the lander lands at two locations on the moon to conduct scientific experiments. The Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) plans to launch the "Chandrayaan-4" probe, deploy scientific instruments on the surface of the moon, study its surface and mineral composition, and enhance people's understanding of lunar geology. Private airlines are also competing to go to the moon. From the "Blue Ghost" lander from Firefly and the "Odysseus-2" probe from Intuitive Machines in the United States, to the second lunar module "Resurrection" from Japanese space startup ispace... these probes will be sent to various parts of the moon to complete their respective predetermined missions. SpaceX plans to launch the project of "transferring propellants from one starship to another" as early as March this year, and is expected to complete in orbit demonstrations in the summer. This technological experiment will pave the way for unmanned starship spacecraft to land on the moon in the future. It is reported that NASA has chosen to use a starship to carry out the Artemis 3 mission in 2027, sending astronauts to the surface of the moon. Visiting Earth's' brothers' continues to heat up and there are numerous probes that will carry scientists' curiosity and expectations to visit other 'brothers' on Earth. Venus, the exploration hotspot of the mysteries of life in the universe, is about to welcome new visitors. The Venus life probe is jointly built by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Rocket Laboratory, and others in the United States, and will be launched into space at the beginning of the year. This spacecraft weighs 315 kilograms and will carry a small probe deep into the atmosphere of Venus to explore whether there are conditions that support the survival of life there. In December of this year, the "BepiColomb" Mercury probe, jointly developed by Japan and the European Space Agency, will be captured by Mercury's gravity during its sixth flyby and enter an orbit around Mercury. The core objective of this probe is to study the structure, magnetic field, and atmosphere of Mercury. The trend of deep space exploration activities in the solar system is surging, and asteroid exploration has become the main development direction. In May of this year, China's Tianwen-2 probe will embark on a journey to the near Earth asteroid 2016 HO3. This is the first time that China has carried out asteroid sampling and return and main belt comet orbiting exploration missions, aiming to sample and return from 2016 HO3 through one launch, and then go to the main belt comet 311P/PanSTARRS for companion exploration. The Australian website "Dialogue" reported that this mission is expected to provide new insights into the formation of the early solar system and the origin of organic matter on Earth. NASA's Cosmic History, Re ionization Era, and Ice Explorer Spectrophotometer (SPHEREx) mission will also be launched in the first half of 2025. During the two-year expedition, SPHEREx will collect data from over 450 million galaxies and over 100 million stars in the Milky Way to create a detailed and comprehensive 'map of the universe'. Scientists will rely on this all sky map to reveal the three great mysteries of the universe. Firstly, there is the secret of cosmic inflation. At the moment of the Big Bang, space increased by trillions of times. SPHEREx will measure the distribution of hundreds of millions of galaxies to reveal the "behind the scenes" drivers of cosmic inflation. SPHEREx will also measure the glow from nearby and distant galaxies, presenting scientists with a complete picture of all celestial bodies and radiation sources in the universe. Finally, SPHEREx will search for ice particles containing water, carbon dioxide, and other essential components of life in the Milky Way, providing valuable clues for exploring the mysteries of life in the universe. Space commercial services are thriving, and the dream of "going to the nine heavens to embrace the sun and moon" has always been in the hearts of many people. SpaceX、 Commercial companies such as Blue Origin and Virgin Galactic are constantly breaking through technological barriers to make space travel more convenient and comfortable. It is expected that space tourism will experience a more vigorous development trend by 2025. The first module of the world's first commercial space station developed by American space habitat technology company Vast, the "Shelter 1" program, will be launched into low Earth orbit by the Falcon 9 rocket. The company has booked two "manned" Dragon spacecraft missions, hoping to commercially send astronauts to a cabin that can accommodate four astronauts, to assist in space tourism or related research. At the same time, SpaceX's Starlink satellite will launch a "direct connection cellular network" service this year, which means that ordinary smartphones can directly communicate with Starlink satellites. Amazon is committed to developing its own satellite constellation, "Kuiper", and plans to start providing broadband Internet services this year. (New Society)
Edit:He Chuanning Responsible editor:Su Suiyue
Source:Sci-Tech Daily
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