Recently, the General Office of the CPC Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council issued the Opinions on Strengthening Soil and Water Conservation in the New Era. The head of the Ministry of Water Resources answered the reporter's questions about the opinions. Q: Please talk about the background and significance of the opinions. Answer: Water and soil conservation is the fundamental measure for river protection and management, and the inevitable requirement for ecological civilization construction. However, on the whole, the situation of large amount and wide range of water and soil loss in China and serious situation in some areas still exist, the prevention and control effect is not stable, and the prevention and control task is still heavy. The Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee and the Fourteenth Five Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of the People's Republic of China and the Outline of Vision Goals for 2035 made arrangements for water and soil conservation. The Twentieth National Congress of the Communist Party of China stressed that promoting green development and harmonious coexistence between human beings and nature put forward new and higher requirements for soil and water conservation. At the central level, we formulated and issued opinions, systematically planned and made overall arrangements for strengthening the work of water and soil conservation in the new era, further clarified the overall requirements, put forward the main goals, deployed major measures, and defined the implementation path. For unifying the understanding and will of the whole party, we accelerated the construction of a water and soil conservation work pattern under the leadership of the Party committee, the responsibility of the government, the coordination of departments, and the participation of the whole society, It is of great significance to comprehensively improve the function of water and soil conservation and the supply capacity of ecological products, and promote the harmonious coexistence of human and nature. Q: What are the general requirements for strengthening soil and water conservation in the new era? Firmly establish and practice the concept that green water and green mountains are golden mountains and silver mountains. In terms of working principle, the opinion emphasizes that we should adhere to the principle of ecological priority and protection, establish a strict prevention, protection and supervision system for water and soil loss, maintain the natural ecological security boundary, and improve the quality and stability of the ecosystem. We should adhere to the problem orientation, ensure people's livelihood, give full play to the ecological, economic and social benefits of water and soil conservation, and constantly enhance people's sense of gain, happiness and security. We should adhere to systematic governance and comprehensive implementation of policies, proceed from the integrity of the ecosystem and the systematicness of the river basin, and implement policies in a scientific manner according to local conditions, making unremitting efforts. We should adhere to reform and innovation, stimulate vitality, deepen the innovation of water and soil conservation systems and mechanisms, strengthen the systematic integration of reform initiatives, and implement precise policies to further enhance the driving force and vitality of development. In terms of main objectives, the opinion is that by 2025, the water and soil conservation system, mechanism and work system will be more perfect, the management efficiency will be further improved, the man-made water and soil loss will be effectively controlled, the water and soil loss in key areas will be effectively controlled, the water and soil loss situation will continue to improve, and the water and soil conservation in the whole country will be improved